About 'book the 50 shades of grey'|50 Shade of Grey Gets All the Glory, But You Can Find Better Erotica Out There
During my sophomore year of college, I got to attend the classics department end-of-year party, where I was introduced to the combination of tequila, lime, salt, and outrageous drunkenness. I had about ten or eleven before I felt the first one. By the fourteenth, I was shouting at the top of my lungs that classics people were the greatest people in the world, and that I would start a major in Ancient Greek in September. And since it was the 1970s, I drove home from the party (with my head out the window, because I needed the air on my face so I could see). I found my car three days later, intact, on the side of a hill. My drunken word, however, was my sober bond, and I did four years of Ancient Greek, and a little Latin besides, over the next two years. I mention this because I know I sound hopelessly pedantic and full of myself with a title like "On Rereading the Iliad." But the reality is that I read the damned thing back when I was in college, and a lot of the Odyssey, too, in Ancient Greek. So when I saw a new translation of the Iliad at my local library, I picked it up to see if I could tolerate reading it again. Surprisingly, I could. The epic, 400-page, 24-volume poem describing the Trojan War remains a fascinating read. Not that Homer, the blind poet who allegedly composed and recited the Iliad almost 4,000 years ago, needs a thumbs up from someone like me. But it is remarkable to read the tale anew, thirty-five years later. The Iliad hasn't changed, but our world certainly has, as the experience of rereading it made clear. The first thing to note about the Iliad is its sheer length. If Homer had lived today, a war correspondent embedded with some unit somewhere, he wouldn't have written an epic. He would have simply texted, "We won." The sheer voluminousness of The Iliad, by contrast, indicates the dramatic collapse of the attention span of the average person. Who on earth would have patience today, present company excluded, to listen to someone talking about 400 pages of war stories? Because the thing was recited, presumably around the fire at night, instead of being read. It just shows that people back then-in the 8th Century B.C.E., when the Iliad was composed, and in the 1970s, when I was first exposed to it-had a lot more patience and a much greater appetite for detail, in both of those two ancient periods. Next is the violence. The Iliad is filled with gore. Spears jam through fighters' nipples. Huge boulders are smashed onto the heads of enemies. Helmets fill with blood. You get the point. Hector of Troy was the first Travis Bickle, turning to Zeus and say, in so many words, "You talking to me?" You could stick Agamemnon and Achilles into Apocalypse Now and hear either of them say, "I love the smell of napalm in the morning." Of course, they didn't have napalm back when the Greeks invaded Troy, but if they did, both sides would have loved it. Or maybe not. The fighters of the Iliad on both sides were obsessed with reputation. Nobility as a warrior came from confronting your enemy face to face, closing on him with spear, rock, or fist, looking him in the eye, and sending him straight to Hades. It was unacceptable in Homer's world for fighters to kill in dishonorable ways, such as chucking your spear from a distance into a crowd. If you didn't look your victim in the eye, you weren't a man. Reputation is everything to the warriors on both sides. When they speak, and they frequently make lengthy speeches to persuade their comrades not to give up the fight, they refer at great length to their noble fathers and grandfathers, their countries of origin, of which they are proud, and even the quality of the equipment they use for battle-their swords, their spears, their helmets. Loss of life means nothing to them compared with loss of face. As a result, the Trojan War as described in the Iliad feels like a modern-day gang war. The whole thing started over the capture of a woman. The war has gone on forever-well, nine or ten years-seemingly with no end in sight. The killing is vicious, brutal, and random. It could be the Bloods and the Crips, or for that matter, the Americans and the Taliban in Afghanistan. War without end, amen. The X factor in all of this is the role of the Greek gods. The warriors fight on, with the understanding that their own valor and martial skills mean nothing if the gods are not on their side. Indeed, Zeus, the greatest of the gods, and his wife, Hera, are actually supporting opposite sides. My favorite moment in the whole Iliad is when Hera seduces Zeus on top of Mount Ida, a manufactured cloud respectfully protecting their privacy, so that Zeus can fall into a post-coital slumber and allow Hera's favored warriors briefly to gain the upper hand. Of course, when he wakes up, he's thoroughly annoyed and threatens to slap her down all the way to Hades. Think Jimmy Cagney pushing the grapefruit into Mae Clarke's face in The Public Enemy. The gods are everywhere in the Iliad, disguising themselves as a dream, a man, or a force of nature; spurring warriors to battle; or offering spiritual CPR to the wounded. The gods are not too spiritual to fail to notice attractive mortal men and women, with whom they have relations and, of course, offspring. So you've got gods, you've got men, and you've got men descended from gods. It's a lot to keep straight, but somehow Homer does, and so does his audience. There are more warriors in the Iliad than there are attorneys in all of John Grisham's works combined. People must have had the ability to remember more stuff, without Facebook to keep track of it all. Another noticeable feature of the Iliad is the frequent resort to metaphors drawn from the natural world. Fighters, battles, and emotions are variously compared with raging rivers, gale-force winds, strong horses, and all-consuming fire. The warriors lived in a world without technology, even though technology itself is a word borrowed from Greek. Back then, their idea of technology was a well-made spear. The constant use of metaphors drawn from nature is a fascinating reminder of just how removed from nature we moderns find ourselves. Like natural forces in the Iliad, emotions run rampant as well. The warriors are by turn angry, entertained, courageous, fearful, insolent, and sarcastic. The gods are much the same way, consumed by human passions as they cavort and dine on Olympus or Mount Ida. You knew where you stood back then. Leaders didn't hesitate to call others among them idiots or morons or worse. In fact, the lowest epithet for a warrior was to call them a woman. Why not? Political correctness would not come into existence for another 3,100 years. You have to admire the courage of Stephen Mitchell, the translator of this new version of the Iliad, and Free Press. As I write these words, the translation is in position 697,779 on Amazon, which means that the book is not selling as well as 50 Shades of Grey, Killing Lincoln, every book telling you why Obama is either wonderful or terrible, and 697,771 other books. It brings to mind a comment by Robert Graves, a British classicist who realized as a callow youth that if he knocked off a couple of bestsellers, he'd never have to work again a day in his life. So he went and wrote a book called I, Claudius, and then a sequel, Claudius the God, monetizing his classical training in a way that must have infuriated his Oxford dons. He did in fact make enough money from those books, which later became PBS series, never to have to work again. Much later in life, he, of all people, addressed the New York University School of Business, where a student asked him why he wrote poetry, since there was no money in poetry. To which Graves wittily responded, "Yes, but there's no poetry in money, either. There may not be a ton of money in translating or publishing the Stephen Mitchell version of the Iliad, a magnificent and thoroughly enjoyable Iliad for our times. But I sure am glad they did it. And no, I'm not going to give away the ending. You're just going to have to read it for yourself. |
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